Statement of Cash Flows1

    of the TRATON GROUP for the period from January 1 to December 31

    € million TRATON GROUP
    2025 2024
    Cash and cash equivalents as of 01/01 2,542 1,730
    Gross cash flow    
    Earnings before tax 2,024 3,569
    Income taxes paid –1,111 –1,068
    Depreciation and amortization of, and impairment losses on, intangible assets, property, plant, and equipment, and investment property2 1,537 1,434
    Amortization of, and impairment losses on, capitalized development costs2 620 530
    Impairment losses on equity investments2 34 1
    Depreciation of and impairment losses on products leased out2 1,024 1,012
    Change in pension obligations –1 7
    Earnings on disposal of noncurrent assets and equity investments –15 –4
    Share of earnings of equity-method investments –79 –79
    Other noncash income/expense –50 252
    Change in working capital    
    Change in inventories 429 –214
    Change in receivables (excluding financial services) –78 401
    Change in liabilities (excluding financial liabilities) –279 –375
    Change in provisions 281 345
    Change in products leased out –1,228 –518
    Change in financial services receivables –2,206 –2,953
    Net cash provided by operating activities 902 2,340
    Investments in intangible assets (excluding capitalized development costs), in property, plant, and equipment and in investment property –1,576 –1,763
    Additions to capitalized development costs –1,220 –978
    Investments to acquire subsidiaries and other businesses –21 –69
    Investments to acquire other investees –43 –74
    Proceeds from the disposal of subsidiaries 21 31
    Proceeds from the disposal of other investees 10 10
    Proceeds from the disposal of intangible assets, property, plant, and equipment, and investment property 81 61
    Change in marketable securities and investment deposits 23 39
    Change in loans –3 –69
    Net cash used in investing activities –2,728 –2,811
    Dividend payouts –850 –750
    Proceeds from the issuance of bonds 5,627 5,448
    Repayment of bonds –4,864 –2,555
    Proceeds from Schuldscheindarlehen and commercial paper programs5 1,314 91
    Payments from Schuldscheindarlehen and commercial paper programs5 –322 –1,179
    Loans extended by Volkswagen companies3 1,032 1,309
    Loan repayment to Volkswagen companies4 –770 –428
    Change in miscellaneous financial liabilities5 1,146 –268
    Repayment of lease liabilities –292 –276
    Net cash provided by financing activities 2,021 1,392
    Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents 70 –109
    Change in cash and cash equivalents 264 812
    Cash and cash equivalents as of 12/31 2,805 2,542

    1 For further information, see Note 27. Statement of cash flows

    2 Net of impairment reversals

    3 Volkswagen AG, Volkswagen International Finance, Volkswagen Group of America Finance, Volkswagen North American Region Payment Services, LLC

    4 Volkswagen AG, Volkswagen Financial Services AG, Volkswagen Group of America Finance

    5 Prior-year figures adjusted to reflect the current presentation. Cash inflows of €91 million and cash outflows of €–829 million from commercial paper programs, which were reported under “Changes in miscellaneous financial liabilities” in the previous year, are now reported under “Cash inflows from Schuldscheindarlehen and commercial paper programs” and “Payments from Schuldscheindarlehen and commercial paper programs.”